by eating properly and sufficiently. ‐ After completing his apprenticeship in 1827, he went on the road on 11 October 1827. Even during this time he possessed so much energy to maintain religious cooking. In 1834 my father became a master craftsman, but the guild made it so difficult for him that he lost interest in the trade and, at his grandmother's urging, turned to the hop trade. On his travels he had already taken an interest in breweries and had made the acquaintance of brewers here and there, and so he soon found out that there was undoubtedly an appreciation for Bavarian hops in the towns of Central and Northern Germany. He made his first journeys as a hop merchant on foot from place to place and achieved quite acceptable results for the time (1834‐38). My uncle Salomon, who travelled through the Rhineland and Westphalia, did very similar business. The benefit of all these sales, however, fell to my grandfather, in whose business the two sons were still active at that time. It was only after they had married that they both ran their own business together for several years and made quite a bit of progress. At the beginning of the 1840s, my father was already able to keep a small one‐horse chaise and a coachman. Through his restless activity he acquired more and more customers and the business developed more and more, but as much as he enjoyed it, his activity was made very difficult because the political turmoil that began under King Ludwig I and Minister Abel brought about oppressive conditions for the Bavarian Jews. For example, the authorities were strictly instructed to ensure that all those who did not practise their learned trade took it up again. Even if my father had been particularly severely harassed by the magistrate, it would probably not have been impossible to reduce this chicanery if someone else had done so and had met the official with good words and jingling coin. However, since he had a legal character and was also somewhat hot‐blooded, he did not want to know anything about it and decided to leave his fatherland state of Bavaria, on the one hand to avoid the constant chicanery and spitefulness, and on the other hand to give his children a better education, and so he emigrated with his family to Dessau ^*1 on 28 April 1847. It was a great upheaval for my father to leave the country of his birth, to which his whole memory was attached, his parents, siblings and childhood friends, in order to move with his large family to a distant foreign country. However, he hoped to have made a good choice with Dessau, because this city was in the centre of his clientele and because the authorities and citizens of Dessau were already fully enlightened and the Jews enjoyed the same respect there as everyone else. The move with his wife, 5 small children and maid was no small matter at that time, considering that the country roads were still quite bad and the railways in their first stages still left a lot to be desired. The journey went from Ühlfeld to Bamberg by cart in 4 hours and from Bamberg to Hof by train. Here we spent the night and the next day travelled by train to Plauen, from where we had to use a carriage to Reichenbach; from there we travelled by train to Leipzig, Halle, Goethen and Dessau, where we arrived at 11 o'clock at night and were expected by acquaintances of my father, welcomed with open arms and led to our house at Franzstraße 6, which had been bought by Wolf Jakoby and which we still own today. Because we had our own house, it was easier for my parents to arrange things, and my father could not only pursue his profession quietly, but, since my mother was still unfamiliar with North German conditions, he could also preside over his domesticity when he returned from his business trips, usually every Friday at the latest. My mother always took great pleasure in creating a pleasant home for her husband and children that was appropriate to their circumstances; this good woman also took great care in the education of her children. As the hop business did not offer employment throughout the year, my father had the idea of selling fuel (peat, coal, etc.) on the side, and therefore had large loads of Bohemian coal, which he personally bought in Bohemia, transported down the Elbe to Dessau and also earned small sums with it. The competition that arose in these products, however, caused him to give up this business after a few years and to devote his energy to the trade with such products that were needed by the breweries at that time, i.e. pitch, honey, syrup, malt kilning, etc. My mother, who was very active in business, took care of the dispatch of all articles while my father was travelling and also conducted the correspondence, so that my father could always be calm and unconcerned. In 1856, my parents were already worried about creating an existence for their sons, since not all of them could run the parental business. At that time my father met a master builder Karl Krause in Dessau, who gave him the idea of associating with him and building a cutting mill together..